BDI

Biographical Details:

Dr. Ram Prasad Gandhiraman received his B.Sc. in Applied Sciences (2000), from Coimbatore Institute of Technology, India, M.Sc. in Materials Sciences (2002) from PSG College of Technology, India and PhD from Dublin City University, Ireland (2007). His PhD was on the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) of oxide based coatings on implant grade stainless steel for improving the haemocompatibility of cardiovascular stents. He has been working as a postdoctoral researcher with the Biomedical Diagnostics Institute (BDI) in Dublin City University since Nov. 2006. BDI is a multidisciplinary research institute focused on the development of next generation point-of-care biomedical diagnostic devices.

Research Interests:

The Point of Care (POC) diagnostic devices involve measurement of biomolecule (biomarker) concentrations at the picomolar level from a microliter scale blood sample volume. Immobilization of biomolecules (capture antibody) to POC platforms made of polymeric surfaces, through appropriate surface functionalisation is a key issue in biosensors. Also the non-specific binding of background proteins limit the sensitivity of a bioassay device. Our research is focussed on plasma engineering of the physio-chemical properties of the cyclo olefinic copolymer (Zeonor) substrates that are used as platforms for POC devices. The plasma process is aimed to modify surfaces that: ¿ Possess a high degree of functionality for binding of biorecognition elements ¿ Minimize the general non-specific binding (NSB) of non-analyte constituents of the sample ¿ Increase the hydrophilicity of the substrate allowing easy flow of the sample volume ¿ Enables both fluorescence based and lable free Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based detection

Selected Peer Reviewed Journals

• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman. .
• Christy Charlton, Vladimir Gubala, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Julie Wiechecki, Nam Cao Hoai Le, Conor Coyle, Stephen Daniels, Brian D. MacCraith, David E. Williams. 2011. TIRF Microscopy as a Screening Method for Non-Specific Binding on Surfaces. Journal Of Colloid And Interface Science, 1, 354, pp405-409.
• Christy Charlton, Vladimir Gubala, Ram P.Gandhiraman , Stephen Daniels, Jone Seol Yuk, Brian D. MacCraith and David E. Williams. 2011. PEG-like films with carboxylic groups prepared by PECVD for bioassays. Under review.,
• Conor Coyle, Ram P Gandiraman, Vladimir Gubala, Nam Cao Hoai Le, Christy Charlton, Paul Swift, Stephen Daniels, David E Williams. 2011. Tetraethyl orthosilicate and acrylic acid forming robus carboxylic functionalities on plastic surfaces for Biodiagnostics. Under review,
• Nam Cao Hoai Le, Vladimir Gubala, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Stephen Daniels and David E. Williams. 2011. Evaluation of different non-specific binding blocking agents deposited inside poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microfluidic flow-cells. Under review,
• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman, Vladimir Gubala, Christy Charlton O Mahony, Th. Cummins, Jog Raj, Asmaa Eltayeb, Colin Doyle, Bryony James, Stephen Daniels and David E. Williams. 2011. PECVD coatings for functionalization of Point-Of-Care biosensor surfaces. Under review,
• Asif Riaz, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Ivan K. Dimov, Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts, Antonio J. Ricco, Jens Ducree, Stephen Daniels and Luke P. Lee. 2010. Glass like thin film barrier on polymeric microcavities. Under review.,
• C. Volcke*, R.P. Gandhiraman*, V. Gubala, Th. Cummins, G. Fonder, R. Nooney, Z. Mekhalif, S. Daniels, A.A. Cafolla and D.E. Williams.(*both authors contributed equally). 2010. Reactive amine surfaces for biosensor applications, prepared by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour modification of polyolefin materials. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 25, , pp1875-1880.
• C. Volcke, R.P. Gandhiraman , L. Basabe-Desmonts, M. Iacono, V. Gubala, F. Cecchet, A.A. Cafolla, D.E. Williams. 2010. Protein pattern transfer for biosensor applications. Biosensors & Bioelectronics, 25, , pp1295-1300.
• Cedric Volcke, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Vladimir Gubala, Colin Doyle, Paul A. Thiry, Attilio A. Cafolla1, Bryony James and David E. Williams. 2010. Plasma functionalization of AFM tips for measurement of chemical interactions. Journal Of Colloid And Interface Science, 348, , pp322-328.
• Nam Cao Hoai Le, Vladimir Gubala, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Conor Coyle, Stephen Daniels, David E. Williams. 2010. Total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE) as a label-free detection technique for the monitoring of bioassays on a functionalized cyclo olefin polymer surface. Analytical And Bioanalytical Chemistry, 398, , pp1927-1936.
• Ram P. Gandhiraman, Cedric Volcke, Vladimir Gubala, Colin Doyle, Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts, Christian Dotzler, Michael F. Toney, Marcello Iacono, Robert I. Nooney, Stephen Daniels, Bryony James and David E. Williams. 2010. High Efficiency Amine Functionalization of Cyclo Olefin Polymer Surfaces for Biodiagnostics. Journal Of Materials Chemistry, 20, , pp4116-4127.
• Ram P. Gandhiraman, Mohan Kumar Muniyappa, Magdalena Dudek, Conor Coyle, Cedric Volcke, Paul Burham, Stephen Daniels, Niall Barron, Martin Clynes, David C.Cameron. 2010. Interaction of plasma deposited HMDSO based coatings with fibrinogen and human blood plasma: the c orrelation between bulk plasma, surface characteristics and biomolecule interaction. Plasma Processes And Polymers (online), 7, , pp411-421.
• Ram.P. Gandhiraman, V. Gubala, Le Cao Hoai Nam, C. Volcke, C.Doyle, B. James, S. Daniels, D.E. Williams. 2010. Deposition of chemically reactive and repellent sites on biosensor chips for reduced non-specific binding. Colloids And Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 79, , pp270-275.
• V. Gubala, R. P. Gandhiraman, C. Volcke, C. Doyle, C. Coyle, B. James, S. Daniels and D. E. Williams. 2010. Silanation of Cyclo Olefin Polymer Surfaces. Comprehensive characterization of (3- Aminopropyl) tris-ethoxysilane coatings by PECVD, Insight from the top layer into the bulk. Analyst, 135, pp1375-1381.
• Vladimir Gubala, Nam Cao Hoai Le, Ram Prasad Gandhiraman, Conor Coyle, Stephen Daniels, David E. Williams. 2010. Functionalization of cyclo olefin polymer substrates by plasma oxidation: Stable film containing carboxylic acid groups for capturing biorecognition elements. Colloids And Surfaces B: Biointerfaces, 81, , pp544-548.
• M.M. Dudek, R.P. Gandhiraman, C. Volcke, A.A. Cafolla, S. Daniels, A.J. Killard. 2009. Plasma surface modification of cyclo-olefin polymers and its application to lateral flow bioassays. Langmuir, 25, 18, pp11155-11161.
• M.M. Dudek, R.P. Gandhiraman, C. Volcke, S. Daniels, A.J. Killard. 2009. Evaluation of a Range of Surface Modifications for the Enhancement of Lateral Flow Assays on Cyclic PolyolefinMicropillar Devices. Plasma Processes And Polymers (online), 6, 10, pp620-630.
• R.P. Gandhiraman, S.K. Karkari, S.M. Daniels, B.D. MacCraith. 2009. Influence of ion bombardment on the surface functionalization of plasma deposited coatings. Surface And Coatings Technology, 203, , pp3521-3526.
• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman, Stephen Daniels, David C. Cameron. 2007. A comparative study of characteristics of SiOxCyHz, TiOx and SiO-TiO oxide based biocompatible coatings. Plasma Processes And Polymers (online), 4, , ppS369-S373.
• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman, Stephen Daniels, D. C. Cameron, B. P. McNamara, Elizabeth Tully and R.O¿Kennedy. 2005. PECVD of Biocompatible Coatings on 316L Stainless Steel. Surface And Coatings Technology, 200, 1-4, pp1031-1035.
• M. S. Bhuvaneswari, S. Selvasekarapandian, M. Vijayakumar, G. Hirankumar, G. Ram Prasad, R. Subramanian, P.C. Angelo. 2004. Ionic conductivity studies on Mg Stabilized Zirconia by impedance spectroscopy. Ceramics International, 30, , pp1631-1634.
• M. Vijayakumar, S. Selvasekarapandian, M. S. Bhuvaneswari, G. Hirankumar, G. Ram Prasad, R. Subramanian, P.C. Angelo. 2003. Synthesis and Ion Dynamics Studies of Nanocrystalline Mg Stabilized Zirconia. Physica B, 334, , pp390-397.

Selected Chapters

• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman. .
• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman. 2005. Adhesion Improvement of Plasma Polymerized HMDSO films on 316L Steel by Plasma Pretreatment and Layering. Plasma Polymers and Related Materials, pp115-124.

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• V. Gubala, C. Lynam, A. Barnett, R. P. Gandhiraman, C. Charlton, N.C.H. Le, D. E. Williams., Recent advances in the surface chemistry of dye-doped nanoparticles and disposable, plastic substrates for highly sensitive and rapid bioassay devices., Fifth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN 5), 07-FEB-11 - 11-FEB-11, Wellington, New Zealand
• R.P. Gandhiraman , V. Gubala, N.C.H. Le, C. Charlton, C. Doyle, B. James, S. Daniels, D. E Williams., Plasma Surface Functionalisation of Disposable Plastics for Point of Care Diagnostics., Fifth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN 5), 07-FEB-11 - 11-FEB-11, Wellington, New Zealand
• N.C.H. Le, R.P. Gandhiraman, V. Gubala, S. Daniels, D.E. Williams., Surface treatment of poly(methylmeth acrylate) (PMMA)microfluidic flow-cells for reducing non-specific adsorption of proteins., Fifth International Conference on Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology (AMN 5), 07-FEB-11 - 11-FEB-11, Wellington, New Zealand
• C Volcke, RP Gandhiraman, L Basabe-Desmonts, M Iacono, V Gubala, F Cecchet., Generic process for protein pattern transfer onto surfaces for biosensor applications., 20th Anniversary World Congress on Biosensors (Biosensors2010), 26-MAY-10 - 28-MAY-10, Glasgow, United Kingdom
• R Gandhiraman, V Gubala, DE Williams, C Lynam, C O'Mahony, NCH Le., Designing low sample volume, high-sensitivity, high-precision, single-use immunoassay devices., 20th Anniversary World Congress on Biosensors (Biosensors 2010), 26-MAY-10 - 28-MAY-10, Glasgow, United Kingdom
• Vladimir Gubala, Dirk Kurzbuch, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Carol Lynam, Robert Nooney, Xavier Le Guevel, Brian MacCraith, David E. Williams., Inexpensive optical platform based on supercritical angle fluorescence and the use of dye doped silica nanoparticles for sensitive bioassays., Xth conference on optical chemical sensors and biosensors EUROPTRODE X, 28-MAR-10 - 31-MAR-10, Prague, Czech Republic
• Christy Charlton, Vladimir Gubala, Ram Prasad Gandhiraman, Brian D. MacCraith, David E. Williams., TIRF microscopy for real-time study of non-specific particle-surface interactions., Xth conference on optical chemical sensors and biosensors EUROPTRODE X, 28-MAR-10 - 31-MAR-10, Prague, Czech Republic
• Nam Cao Hoai Le, Vladimir Gubala, Ram P. Gandhiraman and David E. Williams., Total internal reflection ellipsometry (TIRE) for the monitoring of immunoassays on a functionalized cyclo olefin copolymer surface., Xth conference on optical chemical sensors and biosensors EUROPTODE X, 28-MAR-10 - 31-MAR-10, Prague, Czech Republic
• Asif Riaz , Ram P. Gandhiraman , Ivan K. Dimov , Lourdes Basabe-Desmonts,Jens Ducre, Stephen Daniels, Antonio J. Ricco , and Luke P. Lee., Glass like thin film barrier on polymericmicrocavities., In: In Tae Song Kim and Yoon-Sik Lee ed.13th International Conference on Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences (μTAS 2009), 01-NOV-09 - 05-NOV-09, Jeju, Korea.
• R.P. Gandhiraman, V. Gubala, C. Volcke, R. Nooney, L. Basabe-Desmonts C.Doyle, B. James, S. Daniels, D.E. Williams , Amine functionalisation of biosensor surfaces by plasma polymerization. , 4th International Conference on Surfaces, Coatings and Nanostructured Materials (Nanosmat2009), , 19-OCT-09 - 22-OCT-09, Rome Italy
• Asif Riaz, Ram P. Gandhiraman, Ivan K. Dimov, Lourdes B. Desmonts, Antonio J. Ricco, Jens Ducr�e, Stephen Daniels, and Luke P. Lee. , Thin film barrier formation in PDMS microcavities., In: In Khalil Najafi and Martin Schmidt, ed.Actuators & Microsystems (Transducers'09) , 21-JUN-09 - 25-JUN-09, Denver, Colorado, USA,, 1051 - 1054
• R.P. Gandhiraman, V. Gubala, C. Volcke, R. Nooney, L. Basabe-Desmonts C.Doyle, B. James, S. Daniels, D.E. Williams., Amine functionalisation of cyclo olefin polymers by PECVD., 215th Electrochemical Society Meeting (ECS), 24-MAY-09 - 29-MAY-09, San Francisco, CA, USA.
• C. Volcke, R.P. Gandhiraman, L. Basabe-Desmonts, M. Iacono, V. Gubala, F. Cecchet, A.A. Cafolla, D.E. Williams., Generic process for protein patterns transfer onto surfaces for biosensor applications., Belgian Physical Society and Belgian Biophysical Society : General Scientific Meeting 2009,, 01-APR-09 - , Hasselt University, Belgium.
• R.P. Gandhiraman, C. Volcke, V. Gubala, R. Nooney, L. Basabe-Desmonts, S. Daniels, D.E. Williams. Plasma Surface , Functionalisation of Cyclo Olefin Copolymers for Biosensor Applications., International Conference on Trends in Bioanalytical Sciences ICTBSB 2009,, 26-JAN-09 - 27-JAN-09, Dublin, Ireland.
• C. Volcke, R.P. Gandhiraman, V. Gubala, Th. Cummins, G. Fonder, R. Nooney, Z. Mekhalif, S. Daniels, A.A. Cafolla and D.E. Williams., An optimization study on cyclo olefin copolymers surface functionalization., International Conference on Trends in Bioanalytical Sciences ICTBSB 2009,, 26-JAN-09 - 27-JAN-09, Dublin, Ireland
• R.P. Gandhiraman, C. Volcke, V. Gubala, R. Nooney, L. Basabe-Desmonts, S. Daniels, D.E. Williams. , Stability Studies of Amine Functional Coatings Deposited by PECVD on COP Surfaces for Biosensor Applications., 13 th International Conference on Biomedical Engineering,, 03-DEC-08 - 06-DEC-08, Singapore
• M. Rahamathunnisa, G. Ram Prasad, D. C. Cameron., Variations in ion fluxes during pulsed DC sputtering and their effect on the properties of chromium nitride, The 6th Asian-European International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering (AEPSE 2007), 24-SEP-07 - 29-SEP-07, Nagasaki, Japan
• C. Volcke, G. Ram Prasad, L. Basabe-Desmonts, A. Riaz, A.A. Cafolla and B. McCraith, Towards oriented transfer of proteins for biosensor applications, BIOSURF VII ¿ Functional Interfaces for Directing Biological Response, 28-AUG-07 - 31-AUG-07, Zurich, Switzerland
• M. Rahamathunnisa, G. Ram Prasad, D. C. Cameron, The Effect of DC Pulse Frequency and Pulse-off T ime on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Chromium Nitride Deposited by Pulsed DC Reactive Magnetron Sputter Deposition, The 50th SVC Annual Technical Conference, 28-APR-07 - 03-MAY-07, Kentucky, USA
• Ram Prasad Gandhiraman, Stephen Daniels, David C. Cameron., A Comparative Study of Characteristics of SiOxCyHz, TiOx and SiO-TiO Oxide-Based Biocompatible Coatings., 10th International conference on Plasma Surface Engineering (PSE 2006),, 10-SEP-06 - 15-SEP-06, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
• G.Ram Prasad, M. Mohan Kumar, S. M. Daniels, D. C. Cameron and Martin Clynes, Wettability and Adhesion Studies of Silicon-Titanium Oxide Based Biocompatible Coatings Deposited by PECVD, The 49th SVC Annual Technical Conference, 22-APR-06 - 26-APR-06, Washington, D.C, USA
• G. Ram Prasad, Stephen Daniels, D.C. Cameron, Elizabeth Tully, R.O¿Kennedy, Biocompatible Coatings with Silicon and Titanium Oxides Deposited by PECVD, Mikkeli International Industrial Coatings Seminar (MIICS 2006), 16-MAR-06 - 18-MAR-06, Mikkeli, Finland
• G.Ram Prasad, E. Tully, S. M. Daniels, D. C. Cameron, R.O'Kennedy, Adhesion Improvement of Plasma Polymerized HMDSO films on 316L Steel by Plasma Pretreatment and Layering, International Workshop on Plasma Polymers and Related Materials, 07-OCT-04 - 09-OCT-04, Antalya, Turkey
• G. Ram Prasad, Stephen Daniels, D. C. Cameron and B. P. McNamara., Effect of Plasma Pretreatment on the Adhesion of Biocompatible Films on 316L Stainless Steel Deposited by Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition of HMDSO., 57th Annual Gaseous Electronics Conference (GEC 2004), 26-SEP-04 - 29-SEP-04, Bunratty, Ireland
• G. Ram Prasad, Stephen Daniels, D. C. Cameron, B. P. McNamara, Elizabeth Tully and R. O.Kennedy. , PECVD of Biocompatible Coatings on 316L Stainless Steel., 9th International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering (PSE 2004), 13-SEP-04 - 17-SEP-04, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany.
• G. Ram Prasad, Stephen Daniels, D. C. Cameron and B. P. McNamara. , Influence of Deposition Parameters on the Surface Properties of Plasma Polymerized Hexamethyldisiloxane Films., 15th Annual Conference of the Irish Plasma and Beam Processing Group (IPBPG 2004),, 24-JUN-04 - 25-JUN-04, Dublin, Ireland.
• G. Ram Prasad, D. Girish Deep, P. C. Angelo, R. Subramanian, S. S. Ramakrishnan and J. Anburaj . , , Synthesis of Magnesia Stabilized Zirconia by Co- Precipitation T echnique ., Zirconium 2002 (ZIRC-02), 11-SEP-02 - 13-SEP-02, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai , India .