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Race Equality Framework and Action Plan 2025-2028

Race Equality Statement

We at Dublin City University (DCU) are proud of our diverse community and our commitment to inclusion as a core value. Racism, in all its forms, is a serious global and local issue that is fundamentally at odds with who we are. It has no place in our university.

We acknowledge the existence of racism in society and its systemic nature, and affirm DCU’s proactive commitment to addressing it. We stand alongside our students, staff, and alumni, whatever their ethnic, racial, cultural, or religious background, honouring both the richness of our diversity and our shared responsibility to ensure that everyone can emerge, thrive, and lead at DCU.

We recognise that there is more to be done. Addressing racial inequality requires action: removing barriers, amplifying diverse racial and ethnic voices, and embedding inclusion into our policies, culture, and everyday behaviours. We will continue to challenge systemic inequities, listen and learn from our community, and hold ourselves accountable for meaningful change.

At DCU, race equality is not just an aspiration – it is a commitment that shapes the university we are building together.


Professor Dáire Keogh, President of DCU

Professor Dáire Keogh, DCU President

Foreword 

At DCU, we pride ourselves on the diversity of our staff and student population and on our inclusive values. As a signatory of the HEA Anti-Racism Principles, we believe that Universities like ours have a responsibility to be leaders of positive change in society, challenging racism and race inequality wherever we find it.

Our Race Equality Action Plan has been developed against the backdrop of increasing racist and anti-migrant sentiment in Western society.  Ireland is not immune to this contagion, and we are aware of the painful consequences of intolerance and the racism experienced by migrant groups in Irish society.

At the outset, too, it is important that we recognise that race inequality also exists within Irish higher education institutions, including DCU. The development of this plan has created an opportunity for active listening and reflection. It has allowed us to map out areas where we must do better in order to bring about meaningful change. 

I warmly welcome the scope of the Action Plan with its ambition to eliminate racism across the university community, and I want to thank all those involved in its development. The next steps are up to us, as we work together to make DCU a University where everyone can be assured of their right to learn and work without fear of racism or discrimination in any form.

Professor Dáire Keogh

DCU President 


Shows Director of HR in DCU Gareth Yore

Gareth Yore, Vice-President for People, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion

Introduction

DCU is committed to fostering an inclusive and equitable environment where every member of our community can thrive, regardless of racial or ethnic background. This Race Equality Action Plan marks a decisive step in advancing that commitment, building on DCU’s core value of inclusivity.

The plan responds to the ongoing reality of racial inequalities that affect access, experience, and outcomes in higher education, both in Ireland and globally. At DCU, we recognise that promoting race equality is not only a moral imperative but also essential to enriching our academic excellence, driving innovation, and strengthening the social fabric of our university.

This plan is informed by national, European, and international policy and legal instruments, including the Higher Education Authority’s Race Equality Implementation Plan, the Public Sector Duty, and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights. It reflects best practice and benchmarks in higher education, ensuring that DCU’s approach aligns with broader frameworks for equality, human rights, and social justice.

Through targeted and measurable actions, the plan addresses the challenges faced by racial and ethnic minority staff and students. It aligns with the broader DCU Strategic Plan, embedding race equality across all aspects of institutional life—including recruitment, retention, curriculum, research, and community engagement.

Developed through extensive consultation with students and staff, the plan reflects the lived experiences and voices of our community. It sets out clear objectives to remove barriers, foster inclusion, and celebrate the diversity that strengthens DCU as a place of learning, discovery, and belonging.

Through the implementation of this Race Equality Action Plan, we commit collectively to building a university where everyone has equal opportunity to succeed and contribute to a more just and inclusive society.

Gareth Yore

Vice-President for People, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion



Higher Education Authority Anti-Racism Principles 

In late 2020 and early 2021, the Higher Education Authority conducted a comprehensive national survey exploring race equality across Irish higher education institutions. The findings highlighted significant challenges and disparities, culminating in a detailed report that presented 32 recommendations structured around eight overarching themes.

Building on these recommendations, the HEA published the Race Equality Implementation Plan 2022-2024 in September 2022, outlining a coordinated approach to advancing race equality throughout the sector. A central commitment within this plan was the development of a formal statement of Anti-Racism Principles for Irish higher education institutions, designed as a call to action for leadership and governance bodies to embed anti-racism into institutional cultures and practices.
 

National Statement on Race Equality in Irish Higher Education

As a higher education sector:

  • we acknowledge that race inequality exists in Irish higher education institutions;
  • we reject racial discrimination in all its forms;
  • we take responsibility, accountability and ownership of race equality issues in Irish higher education;
  • we acknowledge that the progressive achievement of equality for staff from minority ethnic groups including Travellers can only be realised through action;
  • we acknowledge the need for greater ethnic diversity among students and staff to ensure that HEIs are more representative of the ethnic diversity in Irish society; and
  • we acknowledge that higher education institutions have a significant role to play in promoting anti-racist policies and actions across broader Irish society.

Anti-Racism Principles for Irish Higher Education Institutions

  1. Race inequality is an issue in Irish higher education. Racism, although context specific, is a problem in Ireland and racial inequalities are present on a daily basis in our higher education institutions.
  2. Higher education institutions which allow race inequality to exist cannot perform to their full potential.
  3. Anti-racism policies and initiatives must focus on long-term culture change and on fixing the system, not fixing the individual.
  4. Racism is not always overt and can manifest itself in everyday interactions, processes, behaviours, etc. (e.g. microaggressions).
  5. Race inequalities are experienced differently by people from similar and different ethnic backgrounds.
  6. The complex nature of the intersection of race inequality with other characteristics protected under Irish equality legislation must be taken into account when developing anti-racism actions and policies.

The Implementation Plan also sets a clear expectation that every higher education institution establish its own dedicated race equality action plan reflecting these themes. This document is DCU’s response to that call, aligning our local commitments with national strategy.

In January 2024, DCU’s President formally endorsed the HEA Anti-Racism Principles, marking a public affirmation of the University’s commitment to these responsibilities.

Full sector-wide implementation of the HEA Race Equality Implementation Plan is expected by 2027. DCU’s Race Equality Action Plan directly addresses each thematic area highlighted by the HEA, including:

  • Leadership
  • Supporting diversity in staffing
  • Supporting diversity in student recruitment
  • Making race/equality policies transparent
  • Reporting mechanisms
  • Awareness and training
  • Fostering diversity in higher education institutions
  • Data collection and monitoring

 


Shows DCU staff at event marking the signing of anti-racism principles
DCU signing the Anti-Racism Principles for Irish Higher Education Institutions, January 2024

Monitoring

The Race Equality Working Group oversees the implementation and monitoring of the Race Equality Action Plan. This group operates under the EDI Subcommittee, which is chaired by the Vice-President for People, Equality, Diversity and Inclusion. The EDI Subcommittee provides strategic leadership and ensures accountability within DCU’s broader EDI governance framework.


The Action Plan

 


Appendix 1

Membership of the Race Equality Working Group 2024/2025

Jen O’Hara, DCU People, Chair

Deirdre Moloney, Student Support & Development, Co-chair

Alishear Ahmed, DCU Student Union

Dr. Claire Bohan, Student Support & Development

Dr. Martina Crehan, Teaching Enhancement Unit

Dr. Simon Dunne, School of Psychology

Darren Heaney, Anti-bullying Centre

Dr. Yuhui Gao, DCU Business School

Harry Mallon, DCU Access Service

Rachel Power, DCU People

Dr. Niamh McGuirk, School of Human Development

Dr. Fiona Murphy, DCU School of Applied Language and Intercultural Studies

Malha Muhammed, DCU Student Union

Una Redmond, Office of Student Life

Gertrude Rufai, Student Support & Development

Swagata Sharma, DCU People

Dr. Mohammed Amine Togou, Faculty of Engineering and Computing

 

 

Appendix 2

The terminology used throughout this document is informed by the Equality, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) Literacy Glossary developed by Advance HE. This glossary was created with input from the Athena Swan Ireland National Working Group on Intersectionality, an expert panel established jointly by Advance HE and the HEA. The glossary was developed with stakeholders to ensure its relevance to the specific context of Irish higher education.

Additional authoritative sources contributing to the glossary’s content include the Irish Human Rights and Equality Commission (IHREC), the Irish Network Against Racism (INAR), and Racial Equity Tools. 

Anti-Racism

Anti-racism is defined as the work of actively opposing racism by advocating for changes in political, economic, and social life. Anti-racism includes individually opposing overtly racist behaviours and collectively opposing institutional racism. 

See: Racial Equity Tools, ‘Glossary’. (Taken from EDI Literary Glossary)

Ethnicity 

Ethnicity is a social construct that differentiates people into smaller social groups based on characteristics such as shared sense of group membership, values, behavioural patterns, language, political and economic interests, history, and ancestral geographical base. People can share the same nationality but be of different ethnic groups and people who share an ethnic identity can be of different nationalities. Examples of different ethnic groups, as used by the Central Statistics Office, are: Asian or Asian Irish: Chinese, Asian or Asian Irish: Indian/Pakistani/Bangladeshi, Asian or Asian Irish: Any other Asian background, Black or Black Irish: African, Black or Black Irish: Any other Black background, Other including mixed group/background: Arabic, Other including mixed group/background: Mixed Background, Other including mixed group/background: Other, White: Irish, White: Irish Traveller, White: Roma, White: Any other White background.

See: Racial Equity Tools, ‘Glossary’; M Adams, LA Bell and P Griffin; Teaching for Diversity and Social Justice: A Sourcebook. (2001); M Mamdani, Neither Settler nor Native: The Making and Unmaking of Permanent Minorities, (2020). (Advance HE EDI Literary Glossary). 
 

Ethnic Minority or Minority Ethnic Group 

An ethnic, religious or linguistic minority is any group of persons which constitutes less than half of the population in the entire territory of a State whose members share common characteristics of culture, religion or language, or a combination of any of these. 

A person can freely belong to an ethnic, religious or linguistic minority without any requirement of citizenship, residence, official recognition or any other status. Following mainly the Human Rights Committee jurisprudence, additional elements as to who is a member of a minority can be summarised as follows: Indigenous peoples may constitute linguistic, religious or ethnic minorities in the States in which they find themselves. Both are not mutually exclusive, nor undermine any applicable rights as a minority or indigenous people. The “territory” to consider in determining whether or not a group is a linguistic, religious or ethnic minority is the entire territory of a State, and not one of its political or territorial subunits; One of the main objective criteria for determining whether a group is a minority in a State is a numerical one. A minority in the territory of a State means it is not the majority. Objectively, that means that an ethnic, religious or linguistic group makes up less than half the population of a country. 

See: Concept of a minority: mandate definition - Special Rapporteur on minority issues by the United Nations Human Rights Office of the High Commissioner.

Intersectionality

Intersectionality is the understanding that social inequalities are not just summative, they are mutually constituting. The term was coined by Professor Kimberlé Crenshaw in 1989 to describe how individual characteristics (e.g. race, class, gender) characteristics “intersect” with one another and overlap. 

The term was originally used by Crenshaw to describe the experience of Black women. That is, that the disadvantage experienced by a Black woman is compounded by the inequalities she faces as a woman and as a Black person, and is distinct from the experiences of a Black man or a white woman. 

Since then, the term has been used in different ways, and distorted. Crenshaw referred to the term’s changing use and meaning in an interview with TIME magazine in 2020 and, when asked to define what intersectionality means today said: ‘Intersectionality is not identity politics...it is a lens, a prism, for seeing the way in which various forms of inequality often operate together and exacerbate each other. We tend to talk about race inequality as separate from inequality based on gender, class, sexuality or immigrant status. What’s often missing is how some people are subject to all of these, and the experience is not just the sum of its parts.’

See: TIME Magazine, ‘Kimberlé Crenshaw and Intersectionality’; Global Society Theory, ‘Intersectionality.’ (Advance HE EDI Literary Glossary).

Institutional Racism

Institutional Racism refers to forms of racism expressed in the practice of social and political institutions; to the way, institutions discriminate against certain groups, whether intentionally or not, and to their failure to have in place policies that prevent discrimination or discriminatory behaviour. It can be found in processes, attitudes and behaviours which lead to discrimination through unintentional prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness, unconscious bias and racist stereotyping which disadvantages ethnic minority people. Institutional racism relates to the entire institution, including people. Structural and institutional racism create the conditions that make forms of individual racism seem normal and acceptable, making discrimination and violence more likely. 

See: Dimensions of Racism, Irish Network Against Racism

Microaggression

The everyday verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights, snubs, or insults, whether intentional or unintentional, which communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalised group membership. Example: “Where are you really from?” 

See: Racial Equity Tools, ‘Glossary’; D W Sue, ‘Microaggressions: More than Just Race’, Psychology Today, (2010). (Taken from EDI Literary Glossary)

Minoritised and minoritised groups

Minoritised, as a verb, foregrounds the institutional and societal processes through which

individuals or groups are rendered a “minority”, even where they may be in the statistical

majority (e.g. in an individual school or neighbourhood). Groups may be minoritised on the

basis of religion, ethnic background, language, history or culture and traditions. ‘Minoritised’ calls attention to this process, as well as to the overemphasis on national minority status, particularly where groups may represent a global majority.

See: Advance HE EDI Literary Glossary

Race

The term race has its roots in racial categorisation schemes that were promoted by scientists to support worldviews that understood some groups of people as superior and some as inferior. As such, race is a made-up social construct, and not an actual biological fact. While race is a social construct, it is identified as one of the nine equality grounds in The Equal Status Acts (2000-2018). The term is also commonly used in equality work (e.g. race equity/race equality). These uses do not imply the acceptance of theories that attempt to determine the existence of separate human races. Rather, in this context, race is used to call attention to the racialisation of particular groups, the prevalence and forms of racism in society, and the need for anti-racist measures. 

See: PBS, ‘Race: The Power of an Illusion’ (2003); INAR, ‘Race as a Social Construct’; ‘Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights’; Racial Equity Tools, ‘Glossary’. (Taken from EDI Literary Glossary)

Racial and Ethnic Minority

In this Action Plan, the term racial and ethnic minority refers to individuals and groups who are minoritised in the Irish context on the basis of race, colour, nationality, ethnic or national origin, religion, or language. This usage draws on and integrates Advance HE’s definitions of ethnic minority, race, and ethnicity, while recognising that Advance HE does not provide a single standalone definition of racial and ethnic minority.

Race Equality

Race equality is defined as equal representation, equal experiences and equal outcomes of staff and students from minority ethnic groups.

Racism

“We understand racism to mean the power dynamics present in those structural and institutional arrangements, practices, policies and cultural norms, which have the effect of excluding or discriminating against individuals or groups, based on their identity, as outlined in Article 1 of the International Convention for the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (ICERD), which provides: ‘...the term “racial discrimination” shall mean any distinction, exclusion, restriction or preference based on race, colour, descent, or national or ethnic origin which has the purpose or effect of nullifying or impairing the recognition, enjoyment or exercise, on an equal footing, of human rights and fundamental freedoms in the political, economic, social, cultural or any other field of public life.” 

See: Interim Report of Department of Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth’s Anti-Racism Committee to the Minister for Children, Equality, Disability, Integration and Youth on 30th November 2020.

Racialisation, racialised and racialised groups

Racialisation is the process of ascribing ethnic or racial identities to a relationship, social practice, or group that did not identify itself as such. Using the term racialised refers to this process. 

See: Advance HE EDI Literary Glossary