Andrew Mccarren
Dr
Andrew McCarren is currently an Associate Professor and Head of School in the School of Computing in the faculty of Engineering and Computing. Andrew is also a funded SFI investigator in the Insight Centre of Data Analytics. His primary research interests are in the application of Data Analytics and Data Mining techniques in Fintech, Agriculture, Food, ED Tech, Health and Human Performance, and is currently the PI on a number of SFI and EI awarded projects. Andrew has extensive industry experience during his 20 years in the Agri, Electronic Engineering and Pharmaceutical industries, and continues to consult with many industry partners.
Andrew teaches on a number of post graduate and undergraduate programs in the School of Computing and has been a visiting professor in data science at the Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University in Saudi Arabia.
Peer Reviewed Journal
| Year | Publication | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | Brady, A.J.; Moyna, N.M.; Scriney, M.; McCarren, A. (2025) 'Competitive level differences in the activity profile of elite Gaelic football referees'. Science & medicine in football, 9 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2025 | Kudriavtsev, M.; Ngo, V.M.; Roantree, M.; Bezbradica, M.; McCarren, A. (2025) 'Exploring the trie of rules: a fast data structure for the representation of association rules'. Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 63 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2024 | Woods, S; Dunne, S; Gallagher, P; McCarren, A (2024) 'Identifying Trajectories of Change in Burnout Symptoms of Gaelic Games Athletes Over Two Consecutive Seasons'. Journal of sport & exercise psychology, 46 (6). [DOI] | |
| 2024 | (2024) '‘The illness isn’t the end of the road’—Patient perspectives on the initiation of and early participation in a multi-disease, community-based exercise programme'. PLoS ONE, . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291700 | |
| 2024 | (2024) 'Temporal Changes and Between-Competition Differences in the Activity Profile of Elite Hurling Referees'. Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology, . https://doi.org/10.3390/jfmk9040271 | |
| 2024 | (2024) 'Identifying Trajectories of Change in Burnout Symptoms of Gaelic Games Athletes Over Two Consecutive Seasons'. Journal Of Sport & Exercise Psychology, . https://doi.org/10.1123/jsep.2024-0109 | |
| 2024 | (2024) 'A two-arm non-randomised trial of MedEx IMPACT: a community-based, physical activity behaviour change intervention for survivors of cancer'. SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER (ONLINE), . https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-023-08263-8 | |
| 2024 | (2024) 'Safety, feasibility and effectiveness of the remotely delivered Pulmonary Hypertension and Home-Based (PHAHB) physical activity intervention'. ERJ Open Research, . [DOI] | |
| 2023 | Brady, A.J.; Moyna, N.M.; Scriney, M.; McCarren, A. (2023) 'Activity profile of elite Gaelic football referees during competitive match play'. Science & medicine in football, 7 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2023 | M Gutowska, S Little, A McCarren (2023) 'Constructing a meta-learner for unsupervised anomaly detection'. Ieee Access, . [DOI] | |
| 2023 | (2023) 'Crossroads: Collaboration at the Intersection of Pandemic and Post-Pandemic Times'. Information (MDPI), . https://doi.org/10.3390/educsci13030288 | |
| 2023 | Yalemisew Abgaz; Andrew McCarren; Peter Elger; David Solan; Neil Lapuz; Marin Bivol; Glenn Jackson; Murat Yilmaz; Jim Buckley; Paul Clarke (2023) 'Decomposition of Monolith Applications Into Microservices Architectures: A Systematic Review'. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 49 (8). [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2023 | (2023) 'Competitive level differences in the activity profile of elite Gaelic football referees'. Science & medicine in football, . https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2023.2252404 | |
| 2023 | Abgaz, Yalemisew and McCarren, Andrew and Elger, Peter and Solan, David and Lapuz, Neil and Bivol, Marin and Jackson, Glenn and Yilmaz, Murat and Buckley, Jim and Clarke, Paul (2023) 'Decomposition of Monolith Applications Into Microservices Architectures: A Systematic Review'. IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, 49 (8):4213-4242. [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2022 | (2022) 'Study protocol for the investigation of the clinical effectiveness of a physical activity behaviour change intervention for individuals living with and beyond cancer'. Elsevier, . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conctc.2021.100882 | |
| 2022 | Cantwell, M.; Kehoe, B.; Moyna, N.; McCaffrey, N.; Skelly, F.; Loughney, L.; Walsh, D.M.; Dowd, K.; McCarren, A.; Woods, C. (2022) 'Study protocol for the investigation of the clinical effectiveness of a physical activity behaviour change intervention for individuals living with and beyond cancer'. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 26 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2022 | Aidah J Brady; Niall M. Moyna; Michael Scriney; Andrew McCarren (2022) 'Activity profile of elite Gaelic football referees during competitive match play'. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, . https://doi.org/10.1080/24733938.2022.2049456 | |
| 2022 | (2022) 'Feasibility, acceptability, safety and efficacy of a remotely delivered home-based pulmonary hypertension exercise program'. European Respiratory Journal, . [DOI] | |
| 2021 | Prakash, S.; Berry, D.P.; Roantree, M.; Onibonoje, O.; Gualano, L.; Scriney, M.; McCarren, A. (2021) 'Using artificial intelligence to automate meat cut identification from the semimembranosus muscle on beef boning lines'. Journal of Animal Science, 99 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2021 | Brady, A.J.; Scriney, M.; Moyna, N.M.; McCarren, A. (2021) 'Identification of movement categories and associated velocity thresholds for elite Gaelic football and hurling referees'. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 21 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2021 | Satya Prakash; Donagh P Berry,; Mark Roantree; Oluwadurotimi Onibonoje; Leonardo Gualano; Michael Scriney; Andrew McCarren (2021) 'Using Artificial Intelligence to Automate Meat Cut Identification from the Semimembranosus Muscle on Beef Boning Lines'. Journal of Animal Science, . https://doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab319 | |
| 2021 | Bahrpeyma, F; Roantree, M; Cappellari, P; Scriney, M; McCarren, A (2021) 'A Methodology for Validating Diversity in Synthetic Time Series Generation'. MethodsX, 8 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2021 | Cullen, B.D.; McCarren, A.L.; Malone, S. (2021) 'Ecological validity of self-reported wellness measures to assess pre-training and pre-competition preparedness within elite Gaelic football'. Sport Sciences for Health, 17 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2021 | Sheridan, S; McCarren, A; Gray, C; Murphy, RP; Harrison, M; Wong, SHS; Moyna, NM (2021) 'Maximal oxygen consumption and oxygen uptake efficiency in adolescent males'. Journal of Exercise Science and Fitness, 19 (2). [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2021 | McCormack, Ciara; Kehoe, Brona; Hardcastle, Sarah J.; McCaffrey, Noel; McCarren, Andrew; Gaine, Sean; McCullagh, Brian; Moyna, Niall (2021) 'Pulmonary hypertension and home-based (PHAHB) exercise intervention: protocol for a feasibility study'. BMJ Open, 11 (5). [DOI] | |
| 2020 | Skelly, Fiona and Furlong, Brona and Loughney, Lisa and McCaffrey, Noel and Dowd, Kieran and Daly, Leslie and Woods, Catherine and McCarren, Andrew and Moyna, Niall (2020) 'Relation Between Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior And Chronic Disease Risk Factors Using Principal Component Analysis.: 1630 Board\# 224 May 28 10: 30 AM-12: 00 PM'. 52 (7S):434-435. | |
| 2020 | Gamble, D.; McCarren, A.; Bradley, J.; Moyna, N. (2020) 'Novel component variables can be used to distinguish between winning and losing across match periods in elite Gaelic football'. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 20 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2020 | Kehoe, B.; Skelly, F.; Moyna, N.; Cantwell, M.; Boran, L.; Daly, L.; McCarren, A.; Dowd, K.; Woods, C.; McCaffrey, N.; Loughney, L. (2020) 'The effect of participating in MedEx Wellness, a community-based chronic disease exercise rehabilitation programme, on physical, clinical and psychological health: A study protocol for a cohort trial'. Contemporary Clinical Trials Communications, 19 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2020 | Declan Gamble, Niall Moyna, Richard McCann, Damian Martin, Gerard Mc Mahon, Lee Rooney, Matt Spencer, Jonathan Bradley, Andrew McCarren (2020) 'Alterations in Team Physical Performance and Possession in Elite Gaelic Football Competition'. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 8 (2). | |
| 2020 | Loughney, L.; McCaffrey, N.; Timon, C.M.; Grundy, J.; McCarren, A.; Cahill, R.; Moyna, N.; Mulsow, J. (2020) 'Physical, psychological and nutritional outcomes in a cohort of Irish patients with metastatic peritoneal malignancy scheduled for cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and heated intrapertioneal chemotherapy (HIPEC): An exploratory pilot study'. PLoS ONE, 15 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2019 | Scriney, Michael and McCarthy, Suzanne and McCarren, Andrew and Cappellari, Paolo and Roantree, Mark (2019) 'Automating data mart construction from semi-structured data sources'. 62 (3):394-413. | |
| 2019 | Belton, S.; McCarren, A.; McGrane, B.; Powell, D.; Issartel, J. (2019) 'The youth-physical activity towards health (Y-PATH) intervention: Results of a 24 month cluster randomised controlled trial'. PLoS ONE, 14 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2019 | Azodi, C.B.; Bolger, E.; McCarren, A.; Roantree, M.; de los Campos, G.; Shiu, S.H. (2019) 'Benchmarking parametric and machine learning models for genomic prediction of complex traits'. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 9 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2019 | Gamble, D.; Spencer, M.; Mccarren, A.; Moyna, N. (2019) 'Activity profile, playerload™ and heart rate response of gaelic football players: A pilot study'. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 14 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2019 | Scriney, M.; McCarthy, S.; McCarren, A.; Cappellari, P.; Roantree, M. (2019) 'Automating Data Mart Construction from Semi-structured Data Sources'. Computer Journal, 62 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2019 | D Gamble, A McCarren, J Bradley, N Moyna (2019) 'Temporal changes in team performance indicators which differentiate between winning and losing in elite Gaelic football'. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 7 (4):199-207. | |
| 2019 | Gamble, D.; Bradley, J.; McCarren, A.; Moyna, N.M. (2019) 'Team performance indicators which differentiate between winning and losing in elite Gaelic football'. International Journal of Performance Analysis in Sport, 19 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2018 | Kelly, D.T.; Tobin, C.; Egan, B.; McCarren, A.; O'Connor, P.L.; Mccaffrey, N.; Moyna, N.M. (2018) 'Comparison of sprint interval and endurance training in team sport athletes'. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 32 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2017 | Cullen BD, Roantree MT, McCarren AL, Kelly DT, OʼConnor PL, Hughes SM, Daly PG, Moyna NM (2017) 'Physiological Profile and Activity Pattern of Minor Gaelic Football Players'. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31 (7):1811-1820. | |
| 2017 | Cullen, Bryan D.; Roantree, Mark T.; McCarren, Andrew L.; Kelly, David T.; O'Connor, Paul L.; Hughes, Sarah M.; Daly, Pat G.; Moyna, Niall M. (2017) 'PHYSIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND ACTIVITY PATTERN OF MINOR GAELIC FOOTBALL PLAYERS'. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31 (7). | |
| 2013 | Leddy S; Hadavi S; McCarren A; Giovannoni G; Dobson R; (2013) 'Validating a novel web-based method to capture disease progression outcomes in multiple sclerosis'. Journal of Neurology, 260 (10). [DOI] | |
| 1994 | Ruskin, H.J.; McCarren, A.L. (1994) 'Size effects of slope dynamics in a 2-dimensional sandpile'. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 207 . [Link] [DOI] | |
| 1994 | MCCARREN, AL; RUSKIN, HJ; MCGUIGAN, KG; HENRY, MO (1994) 'PIEZO-SPECTROSCOPIC DATA-ANALYSIS - A PC TOOL'. IEE PROCEEDINGS-SCIENCE MEASUREMENT AND TECHNOLOGY, 141 (3). | |
| 1994 | McCarren, A.L., Ruskin, H.J., McGuigan, K.G. and Henry, M.O. (1994) 'Piezo-spectroscopic data analysis: a PC tool'. IEE Proceedings: Science, Measurement and Technology, :185-189. | |
| 1994 | McCarren, A.L.; Ruskin, H.J.; McGuigan, K.G.; Henry, M.O. (1994) 'Piezo-spectroscopic data analysis: A PC tool'. IEE Proceedings: Science, Measurement and Technology, 141 . [Link] [DOI] |
Conference Publication
| Year | Publication | |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | (2025) EuroSPI 2025 A Review of Estimation in Software Engineering. In: Yilmaz, M., Clarke, P., Riel, A., Messnarz, R., Zelmenis, M., Buce, I.A. (eds) Systems, Software and Services Process Improvement [DOI] | |
| 2025 | (2025) EuroSPI 2025 Inner Source, Outer Source, Low Code, and No Code: Pros, Cons and Contexts - Results from an MLR | |
| 2025 | (2025) EuroSPI 2025 Programming Language Selection in Software Engineering: Results from an Adapted MLR Focused on Go, Haskell, Python and Rust | |
| 2024 | (2024) EuroSPI 2024 Investigating Systems Modernisation: Approaches, Challenges and Risks https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-71139-8_10 | |
| 2024 | (2024) 2024 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications (ISCC) Comparative Analysis of Methods for Performing a Side-Channel Video-Fingerprinting Attack [DOI] | |
| 2023 | De Buitlear, C.; Byrne, A.; McEvoy, E.; Camara, A.; Yilmaz, M.; McCarren, A.; Clarke, P.M. (2023) Investigating Sources and Effects of Bias in AI-Based Systems – Results from an MLR [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2022 | (2022) https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3105/paper33.pdf Detection of covid 19 from an imbalanced chest x-ray image data set https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3105/paper33.pdf | |
| 2022 | (2022) https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3105/paper18.pdf Forecasting Gold Prices Using Temporal Convolutional Networks https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3105/paper18.pdf | |
| 2021 | Sharath Madhu Manjunath, Manju Gurjar, Neil O'Kane, Andrew McCarren, Leonardo Gualano (2021) 28th AICS 2021: Dublin, Ireland Detection of covid 19 from an imbalanced chest x-ray image data set | |
| 2021 | Justin Fajou; JAndrew McCarren: (2021) 28th AICS 2021: Dublin, Ireland Forecasting Gold Prices Using Temporal Convolutional Networks | |
| 2020 | Gutowska, M.L.; Scriney, M.; McCarren, A.; (2020) CEUR Workshop Proceedings Identifying extra-terrestrial intelligence using machine learning | |
| 2020 | Grogan, J.; Mulready, C.; McDermott, J.; Urbanavicius, M.; Yilmaz, M.; Abgaz, Y.; McCarren, A.; MacMahon, S.T.; Garousi, V.; Elger, P.; Clarke, P. (2020) A Multivocal Literature Review of Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) Infrastructures and Implications for Software Developers [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2020 | Kennedy, Stefan and Walsh, Niall and Sloka, Kirils and McCarren, Andrew and Foster, Jennifer (2020) Proceedings of the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Student Research Workshop Fact or factitious? Contextualized opinion spam detection | |
| 2019 | McCarthy, Suzanne and McCarren, Andrew and Roantree, Mark (2019) 2019 IEEE 23rd International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference (EDOC) A Method for Automated Transformation and Validation of Online Datasets | |
| 2019 | Scriney, Michael; Xing, Congcong; McCarren, Andrew; Roantree, Mark (2019) Representative Sample Extraction from Web Data Streams [DOI] | |
| 2019 | Scriney, Michael and Xing, Congcong and McCarren, Andrew and Roantree, Mark (2019) International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications Representative Sample Extraction from Web Data Streams | |
| 2019 | Kennedy, Stefan; Walsh, Niall; Sloka, Kirils; McCarren, Andrew; Foster, Jennifer (2019) 57TH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS (ACL 2019:): STUDENT RESEARCH WORKSHOP Fact or Factitious? Contextualized Opinion Spam Detection | |
| 2019 | McCarthy, S.; McCarren, A.; Roantree, M. (2019) Proceedings 2019 IEEE 23rd International Enterprise Distributed Object Computing Conference Edoc 2019 A method for automated transformation and validation of online datasets [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2019 | Alshaya, Sara and McCarren, Andrew and Al-Rasheed, Amal (2019) International Conference on Computing Predicting No-show Medical Appointments Using Machine Learning | |
| 2019 | Alamro, Rawan and McCarren, Andrew and Al-Rasheed, Amal (2019) International Conference on Computing Predicting Saudi Stock Market Index by Incorporating GDELT Using Multivariate Time Series Modelling | |
| 2018 | Bahrpeyma F., Roantree M., McCarren A (2018) DaWaK 2018 A Comparison of Analytical and Algorithmic Approaches | |
| 2018 | Bahrpeyma, F.; Roantree, M.; McCarren, A. (2018) Multistep-ahead prediction: A comparison of analytical and algorithmic approaches [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2018 | McCarthy, Suzanne and McCarren, Andrew and Roantree, Mark (2018) International Conference on Database and Expert Systems Applications Combining web and enterprise data for lightweight data mart construction | |
| 2018 | Bahrpeyma, Fouad and Roantree, Mark and McCarren, Andrew (2018) International Conference on Big Data Analytics and Knowledge Discovery Multistep-ahead prediction: a comparison of analytical and algorithmic approaches | |
| 2018 | McCarthy, Suzanne; McCarren, Andrew; Roantree, Mark (2018) Combining Web and Enterprise Data for Lightweight Data Mart Construction [DOI] | |
| 2017 | O’Donoghue, Jim and Roantree, Mark and McCarren, Andrew (2017) International Conference on Big Data Analytics and Knowledge Discovery Detecting feature interactions in agricultural trade data using a deep neural network | |
| 2017 | Bailey, Ken and Roantree, Mark and Crane, Martin and McCarren, Andrew (2017) International Conference on Information and Software Technologies Data mining in agri warehouses using modwt wavelet analysis | |
| 2017 | McCarren, A.; McCarthy, S.; Sullivan, C.O.; Roantree, M. (2017) Anomaly detection in agri warehouse construction [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2017 | Bailey, Ken; Roantree, Mark; Crane, Martin; McCarren, Andrew (2017) INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGIES (ICIST 2017) Data Mining in Agri Warehouses Using MODWT Wavelet Analysis [DOI] | |
| 2017 | McDermott, M.C., McCarren, A., Moran, K. and Moyna, N.M. (2017) Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine Conference , RCSI Concurrent validity of Fitbit Charge HR and Microsoft Band 2 to measure heart rate RCSI Dublin Ireland, | |
| 2017 | O’Donoghue, J.; Roantree, M.; McCarren, A. (2017) Detecting feature interactions in agricultural trade data using a deep neural network [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2017 | McCarren, Andrew and McCarthy, Suzanne and Sullivan, Conor O and Roantree, Mark (2017) Proceedings of the Australasian Computer Science Week Multiconference Anomaly detection in agri warehouse construction | |
| 2017 | Bahrpeyma, Fouad and Roantree, Mark and McCarren, Andrew (2017) Irish Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Cognitive Science Multi-resolution forecast aggregation for time series in agri datasets | |
| 2016 | O'Donoghue, J.; Roantree, M.; McCarren, A. (2016) Proceedings International Conference on Research Challenges in Information Science Variable interactions in risk factors for dementia [Link] [DOI] | |
| 2015 | O'Donoghue, J.; Roantree, M.; Cullen, B.; Moyna, N.; Sullivan, C.O.; McCarren, A. (2015) Anomaly and event detection for unsupervised athlete performance data [Link] |
Abstract
| Year | Publication | |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | Cantwell, Mair\'ead and Furlong, Br\'ona and Woods, Catherine and McCaffrey, Noel and Loughney, Lisa and Skelly, Fiona and McCarren, Andrew and Moyna, Niall (2019) The Long-term Effects Of A Physical Activity Behaviour Change Intervention On Cancer Survivors' Levels Of Depression, Fatigue And Mental Well-being: 928: Board\# 162 May 29 3: 30 PM-5: 00 PM. ABST | |
| 2019 | O’Brien, Kevin D and Kelly, Sarah M and Roantree, Mark and McCarren, Andrew and Furlong, Brona and Moyna, Niall M (2019) An Evaluation of the Irish Life Schools Fitness Challenge: 2983: Board\# 29 May 31 2: 00 PM-3: 30 PM. ABST | |
| 2018 | Mcdermott, Clare M and Mccormack, Ciara M and Kelly, Sarah M and Mccarren, Andrew and Moran, Kieran M and Moyna, Niall M (2018) Submaximal Oxygen Uptake Efficiency Slope as a Predictor of V [combining Dot Above] o2max in Men with Cardiovascular Disease: 1455 Board\# 263 May 31 9. ABST | |
| 2018 | Kelly, S., McCarren A., Reid A. (2018) Occupational Social Class and self-rated health. A cross-sectional study of older Irish adults from the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing. Occupational and Environmental Medicine: ABST [Link] http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2018-ICOHabstracts.109 |
Other Publication
Data set
| Year | Publication | |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | Yalemisew Abgaz; Andrew McCarren; Peter Elger; David Solan; Neil Lapuz; Marin Bivol; Glenn Jackson; Murat Yilmaz; Jim Buckley; Paul Clarke (2023) Replication package for Decomposition of Monolithic Applications into Microservices Architectures: A Systematic Review. DSET [DOI] |
Certain data included herein are derived from the © Web of Science (2025) of Clarivate. All rights reserved.
Enterprise Engagement
Outreach Activities
Research Interests
Andrew McCarren is an Associate Professor in the DCU's School of Computing and is a funded investigator in both the Insight Centre for Data Analytics. He is also a collaborative investigator in Vista Milk and the Adapt Centre. Andrew's research interests are in the application of Data Analytics in the areas of Human Performance, Software Engineering, Fintech and Agtech.
Research Projects
Contract Researchers
External Collaborators
Teaching Interests
I am a committed educationalist and see both my research, teaching, industry experience and collaborations as important vehicles to extend knowledge, development and understanding. As an educationalist, I nurture and lead students through their studies and I believe the learning cycle usually works best when students can apply their course work to real life examples. Where possible, I simulate real world environments through team work and continuous feedback. In the modern world of computer science and the augmented human, this helps students understand how they impact the world around them and as part of this process I continually re-enforce my four core pillars in the material I disseminate to my classes:
- Introducing new concepts and how they link to other fields.
- Team/Group work and team spirit.
- Understanding the economic and social impact of learning and applying new technologies.
- Understanding their role in the big picture.